Our customers are pleased with different discounts for any type of the paper. For example, a client, who cooperate with our service for more than a year can get great discount for to do my homework paper Alliance For Science Essay or thesis statement Alliance For Science Essay Contest an academic writer who matches your order description perfectly. Once Alliance For Science Essay Contest you submit your instructions, while your order is in progress and even after its completion, our support team Alliance For Science Essay Contest will monitor it to provide you with timely assistance Aug 15, · The issue of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) as they relate to the food supply is an ongoing, nuanced and highly contentious issue. Individuals from the scientific and medical fields fall on both sides of the argument, some claiming that genetically modified crops are helping to solve issues concerning hunger, environmental sustainability and an increasing global [ ]
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The issue of genetically modified organisms GMOs as they relate to the food supply is an ongoing, nuanced and highly contentious issue.
With studies supporting both sides, many wonder: Who should we believe? To give a clearer sense of the issues and arguments that surround GMOs, Dr. Sarah Evanega, a plant biologist, and Dr. David Perlmutter, a neurologist, weigh in from opposing sides. Sarah Evanega: Genetically modified organism GMO food is safe. They can also lessen the environmental impact of agriculture in general.
Genetic engineering is a tool that can help us breed crops that resist drought, diseases, and insect pests, which means farmers achieve higher yields from the crops they grow to feed their families and generate extra income. We have seen, time and again, that farmers who grow GMO crops in Africa, and South and East Asia earn extra money that helps them do things we Westerners take for granted — like send their children to school and buy a propane stove so they no longer have to cook over fires fueled by cow dung.
In developing nations, much of the weeding is done by women and children. By growing crops that can tolerate herbicide applications, the children are freed up to attend school and the women have time to earn income to help support their families.
For farmers, access to GMOs is a matter of social and environmental justice. Genetically modified GM crops are associated with an increased use of chemicals, like glyphosatethat are toxic to the environment and to humans.
These chemicals not only contaminate our food and water supplies, but they also compromise soil quality and are actually associated with increased disease susceptibility in alliance for science essay. This ultimately leads to an increase in the use of pesticides and further disrupts ecosystems.
Fortunately, there are innovative alternatives to the issue of food insecurity that are not dependent on using GM crops, alliance for science essay. SE: Alliance for science essay a health perspective, GMO food is no different than non-GMO food.
In fact, alliance for science essay, they can even be healthier. Imagine peanuts that can be genetically engineered to reduce levels of aflatoxinand gluten-free wheatwhich would give those with celiac disease a healthy and tasty bread option. GM corn has cut levels of naturally-occurring mycotoxin — a toxin that causes both health problems and economic losses — by a third, alliance for science essay. Other GMO foods, such as vitamin A-enriched Golden Ricehas been fortified with vitamins and minerals to create healthier staple foods and help prevent malnutrition.
In general, though, the process of engineering crops to contain a certain trait, such as pest-resistance or drought-tolerance, does nothing to affect the nutrient quality of food. Insect-resistant Bacillus thuringiensis Bt crops actually reduce or eliminate the need for pesticide applications, which further improves their healthfulness and safety. We have seen this in Bangladesh, where farmers would spray their traditional eggplant crops with pesticides right up until the time of harvest — which meant farmers were getting a lot of pesticide exposure and consumers were getting a lot of pesticide residue.
And that means GMO crops are healthier not only for the farmer, but the consumer. Similarly, studies have shown a new disease-resistant Alliance for science essay potato could reduce fungicide use by up to 90 percent. Again, this would certainly result in a healthier potato — especially since even organic farmers use pesticides.
I understand that people have legitimate concerns about highly processed foods, such as baked goods, breakfast cereals, chips, and other snacks and convenience foods, which are often made from corn, soy, sugar beets, and other crops that are genetically alliance for science essay. The origin of the ingredients is irrelevant.
DP: Without question, the various toxic herbicides that are liberally applied to GM crops are having a devastating effect. When the soil is treated with glyphosate, as is so often the case with GM crops, it basically causes sterilization and deprives the plant of its mineral absorption ability. It is now, however, well-substantiated that there are health risks associated with exposure to alliance for science essay. And to be clear, GM herbicide-resistant crops now account for more than 50 percent of the global glyphosate usage.
The connection between GM crops and use of chemicals poses a significant threat to the health of humans and our environment. SE: GMOs have a positive impact on the health of the environment. Recently, a meta-analysis of 20 years of data found that growing genetically modified insect-resistant corn in the United States has dramatically reduced insecticide use.
These crops will directly benefit environmental health by cutting the use of fertilizers, pesticides, and water. Other researchers are working alliance for science essay accelerate the rate of photosynthesis, which means crops can reach maturity quicker, thus improving yields, reducing the need to farm new land, and sparing that land for conservation or other purposes.
Genetic engineering can also be used to reduce food waste and its associated environmental impact. Examples include non-browning mushroomsapples, and potatoes, but could also be expanded to include more perishable fruits.
In summary, GMO crops can have remarkable environmental benefits. They allow farmers to produce more food with fewer inputs. They help us spare land, alliance for science essay, reduce deforestation, and promote and reduce chemical use. DP: No doubt. Our ecosystems have evolved to work in balance. Whenever harmful chemicals like glyphosate are introduced into an ecosystem, this disrupts the natural processes that keep our environment healthy. The USDA Pesticide Data Program reported in that 85 percent of crops had pesticide residue.
Other studies that have looked at the pesticide levels in groundwaters reported that 53 percent of their sampling sites contained one or more pesticides. So the fact that GM seeds now account for more than 50 percent of global glyphosate usage is certainly concerning.
Perhaps even more importantly, though, is that these chemicals are harming the soil microbiome. We are just now beginning to recognize that the various organisms living in the soil act to protect plants and make them more disease resistant, alliance for science essay. We now recognize that plants, like animals, alliance for science essay, are not autonomous, but rather exist in a symbiotic relationship with diverse microorganisms.
Plants are vitally dependent upon soil microbes for their health and disease resistance. Meanwhile, we need to reduce the carbon emissions, water pollution, erosion, and other environmental impacts associated with agriculture, and avoid expanding food production into wild areas that other species need for habitat.
It also helps us work with important food crops like bananas, alliance for science essay, which are very difficult to improve through conventional breeding methods. We certainly can feed more people by reducing food waste and improving food distribution and storage systems worldwide. The social and environmental problems that we face today are unprecedented in scale and scope. We must use all the tools available to address the challenge of feeding the world while taking care of the environment.
GMOs can play a part. DP: The argument that we need GMO food to feed the entire world population is absurd. The reality of the situation is that GM crops have actually not increased the yield of any major commercialized food source.
In fact, soy — the most widely grown genetically modified crop — is actually experiencing reduced yields, alliance for science essay. The promise of increased yield potentials with GM crops is one that we have not realized. Another important consideration in terms of food security is the reduction of waste.
Leading health commentators, like Dr. Sanjay Gupta, have been vocal on this issue and highlighted food waste as a key component of addressing the issue of food insecurity. But if people wish to avoid GMO food they can purchase organic products. Organic certification does not allow the use of genetic engineering. However, consumers need to be aware that organic food does carry a rather hefty environmental and economic cost.
A recent study by the U. Department of Agriculture found that organic food costs at least 20 percent more than nonorganic food — a figure that can be even higher with certain products and in various geographic regions. They also use fertilizers from animals, which consume feed and water and produce methane gas in their waste.
Again, genetic engineering offers plant breeders an important tool that can result in a healthy, eco-friendly approach to agriculture. DP: Absolutely. There are many innovators working on solutions to sustainably solve the issue of food insecurity, alliance for science essay. One area of focus has been reducing the waste across the supply chain. It can be sprayed on produce to slow the ripening process and extend shelf life, which helps alliance for science essay and supermarkets alike reduce food waste.
In addition to this, forward-thinking researchers are now deeply involved in studying the microorganisms that live on and near plants in terms of how they alliance for science essay to enhance not only the health of plants, but the quality and quantity of nutrients that they produce.
The research that looks at how microbes benefit plants is consistent with similar research relating microorganisms to human health. So another alternative is to harness and take full advantage of the beneficial interaction between microorganisms and plants to create a healthier and more productive agricultural experience, alliance for science essay. Perlmutter is a board-certified neurologist and four-time New York Timesbest-selling author.
He received his MD from the University of Miami School of Medicine where he was awarded the Leonard G. Rowntree Research Award. Perlmutter is a frequent lecturer at symposia sponsored by institutions such as the World Bank and IMF, Yale University, Columbia University, Scripps Institute, New York University, and Harvard University, and serves as an Associate Professor at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine.
He also serves on the board of directors and is a fellow of the American College of Nutrition. This article first appeared on Healthline. Alliance for science essay GMO debate August 15, Get Our News Blast Notice: JavaScript is required for this content.
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